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Predatory publishing and fake conferences threaten scientific integrity. This review outlines their deceptive practices and suggests countermeasures to protect researchers and patient safety.

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Area of Science:

  • Scholarly communication
  • Scientific ethics
  • Open access publishing

Background:

  • Predatory publishing and fake conferences present significant ethical and educational challenges.
  • These deceptive practices undermine the credibility of scientific research and academic careers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the key characteristics of predatory open-access publishing models.
  • To discuss the potential consequences of predatory practices for the scientific community.
  • To propose countermeasures against predatory journals and fake conferences.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent reports and scholarly articles on predatory publishing and fake conferences.
  • Analysis of the deceptive features and impact of these phenomena.
  • Synthesis of proposed solutions and mitigation strategies.

Main Results:

  • Scholars and clinicians across all fields, including anesthesiology, are increasingly targeted by predatory journals and fake conferences.
  • Deceptive practices lead to unreliable data, inflated academic records, and compromised research integrity.
  • Predatory journals and fake conferences are interconnected, posing a dual threat.

Conclusions:

  • Predatory publishing and fake conferences have detrimental educational and ethical implications for scientists and clinicians.
  • The unreliability of published data directly impacts clinical practice and patient safety.
  • Addressing these deceptive practices is crucial for maintaining scientific credibility and ensuring patient well-being.