Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 1, 2026

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains
Published on: July 20, 2022
Artificial Dense Lattices of Magnetic Skyrmions
Maksim V Sapozhnikov1,2, Yuri V Petrov3, Nikita S Gusev1
1Institute for physics of microstructures RAS, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
Abstract:
Multilayer Co/Pt films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy are irradiated by focused a He+ ion beam to locally reduce the anisotropy value. The irradiated spots with the diameters of 100 and 200 nm are arranged in square lattices with the periods of 200 and 300 nm. The formation of nonuniform magnetic states within the spots was observed by magnetic force microscopy methods. We use the concentric distribution of the irradiation fluence within the spot to obtain the radial modulation of the anisotropy constant. This allows us to induce magnetic skyrmions during magnetization reversal of the system. The skyrmions remained stable at zero external magnetic field at room temperature. Magnetization hysteresis loops of the samples were investigated by magnetooptical methods and the results are in good agreement with micromagnetic simulations.
Related Concept Videos
Magnetic Fields
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...
Diamagnetism
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance
Ferromagnetism
Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges
Consider a point charge moving with a constant velocity. Like the electric field, the magnetic field at any point is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the source point and the field point. However, unlike the electric field, the magnetic field is always perpendicular to the plane containing the line...
Paramagnetism

