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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Imaging
    • Microscopy
    • Quantum Imaging

    Background:

    • Ghost imaging utilizes correlated photon pairs for imaging, often relying on speckle size for resolution and contrast scaling.
    • Conventional scaling laws effectively describe macroscopic ghost imaging but may not apply to microscopic regimes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the influence of speckle size on contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and resolution in microscopic ghost imaging.
    • To determine if conventional scaling laws are applicable in the microscopic regime.
    • To identify factors limiting CNR and conditions for high-quality microscopic ghost imaging.

    Main Methods:

    • Examination of speckle size effects on CNR and resolution across macroscopic and microscopic scales.
    • Verification of findings using two distinct sample shapes.
    • Numerical analysis to identify noise limitations.

    Main Results:

    • Conventional scaling laws are ineffective for microscopic samples.
    • CNR scaling deviates from resolution scaling in microscopic ghost imaging, a novel observation.
    • Photodiode noise was identified as a limiting factor for CNR.
    • Conditions for maximizing CNR and resolution were defined.

    Conclusions:

    • The study establishes new understanding of speckle size influence in microscopic ghost imaging.
    • Deviation from conventional scaling laws necessitates revised approaches for microscopic imaging optimization.
    • Achieving high-quality microscopic ghost images is possible by identifying optimal parameter sets and mitigating noise limitations.