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Controlling second-harmonic diffraction by nano-patterning MoS2 monolayers.

Franz J F Löchner, Rajeshkumar Mupparapu, Michael Steinert

    Optics Express
    |December 28, 2019
    PubMed
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    Researchers patterned molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) monolayers to control second-harmonic generation. This patterning enabled spatial control of light, creating unique optical vortex beams.

    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Optics
    • Nanotechnology

    Background:

    • Monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides exhibit significant second-order nonlinear optical properties.
    • Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a key nonlinear optical process in these materials.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To control the spatial radiation properties of SHG in molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) monolayers.
    • To engineer light beams with tailored characteristics using patterned 2D materials.

    Main Methods:

    • Focused ion beam (FIB) milling was used to pattern MoS2 monolayers.
    • A one-dimensional grating structure was inscribed onto the MoS2.
    • A fork-like singularity was integrated into the grating design.

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    Main Results:

    • Diffraction of the generated second harmonic into zero and first orders was observed.
    • The inscribed grating successfully controlled the spatial distribution of the SHG.
    • A vortex beam was successfully generated in the first diffraction order by incorporating a singularity.

    Conclusions:

    • Patterning of MoS2 monolayers offers a viable method for controlling SHG spatial properties.
    • This technique allows for the generation of structured light, such as optical vortex beams, from 2D materials.
    • The findings open possibilities for advanced optical devices and wavefront shaping applications using 2D materials.