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Updated: Jan 1, 2026

Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System
Published on: May 24, 2017
Examining the vulnerability of ambivalent young adults to e-cigarette messages
Anuja Majmundar1, Erlinde Cornelis2, Meghan Bridgid Moran3
1School of Communication, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.
Abstract:
This study used a randomized online experiment to understand the interrelationships between e-cigarette benefit and harm perceptions, e-cigarette use ambivalence, and e-cigarette message exposure and perceived effectiveness. A high prevalence of ambivalent attitudes toward e-cigarettes at baseline was reported. Ambivalent individuals reported significantly higher benefits and lower harm perceptions compared to univalent individuals. Contrary to past findings, ambivalence was not responsive to persuasive messages in this study. This study situates e-cigarette use perceptions in a realistic setting. High baseline ambivalence in this study calls for more unequivocal messages from the FDA about the risks of e-cigarette use.
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