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Risk Factors and Mortality Rates Associated With Invasive Group B Streptococcus Infections Among Patients in the US
Robin L P Jump1,2,3,4, Brigid M Wilson1,3, Daniel Baechle4,5
1Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System, Cleveland.
JAMA Network Open
|December 28, 2019
Summary
Invasive group B Streptococcus (GBS) infections are increasing, particularly in individuals with obesity and poor diabetes control. Improving glycemic control and reducing obesity are crucial to combatting GBS incidence.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- The incidence of invasive group B Streptococcus (GBS) infections is rising in the US.
- Diabetes is a known risk factor, but long-term glycemic control's impact is unclear.
- Other risk factors and mortality for specific GBS infections remain unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate risk factors for invasive GBS infections.
- To determine mortality rates associated with specific GBS infectious syndromes.
- To analyze the influence of comorbid conditions on GBS outcomes.
Main Methods:
- A cohort study utilizing US Veterans Health Administration data from 2008-2017.
- Analysis of invasive GBS infections, infectious syndromes, and comorbid conditions.
- Evaluation of all-cause 30-day mortality rates.
Main Results:
- Invasive GBS incidence increased from 9.23 to 11.67 per 100,000 person-years.
- Highest mortality observed in peritonitis (27.5%) and pneumonia/empyema (17.5%).
- Poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥9.5%) showed a 4-fold higher incidence (78.3 vs 19.0 per 100,000 person-years) compared to good control (HbA1c <7.5%).
- Obesity and extremes of BMI were associated with higher incidence.
Conclusions:
- Comorbidities and mortality vary significantly by GBS infection type.
- Obesity and poor long-term glycemic control are significant risk factors for invasive GBS.
- Public health efforts should focus on obesity reduction and improved glycemic control to mitigate GBS incidence.
