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Do Dairy Farming Systems Differ in Antimicrobial Use?

Anna Zuliani1, Isabella Lora2, Marta Brščić2

  • 1Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.

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Summary

Antimicrobial use in dairy farms varied significantly. Mountain farms using dual-purpose breeds showed lower antimicrobial treatment incidence than lowland farms with high-yield breeds, suggesting management impacts resistance risk.

Keywords:
CIAdairy cattledual-purpose breedshigh-yielding breedsintensive farmingmountain farmingtreatment incidence

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Husbandry
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Quantitative assessment of antimicrobial use (AMU) is crucial for policy development to control antimicrobial resistance.
  • Existing AMU data primarily focuses on intensive dairy systems and high-yielding breeds.
  • Variations in dairy farming systems may influence AMU patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare antimicrobial treatment incidence across different dairy farming systems.
  • To investigate AMU differences between mountain and lowland farms.
  • To assess the impact of breed type (high-yield vs. dual-purpose) on AMU within these systems.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of treatment incidence in dairy farms.
  • Stratification by farm location (mountain vs. lowland) and breed type (high-yield vs. dual-purpose).
  • Focus on overall AMU and critically important antimicrobials.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in overall treatment incidence were observed between lowland high-yield farms and mountain dual-purpose farms.
  • Treatment incidence of highest-priority critically important antimicrobials also differed significantly between these two groups.
  • No significant differences were found between other farm system and breed combinations.

Conclusions:

  • Mountain farms with dual-purpose breeds exhibit lower antimicrobial use compared to lowland high-yield farms.
  • Management practices in mountain farms (pasture access, limited concentrates) and use of dual-purpose breeds may reduce disease risk and AMU.
  • These findings highlight the potential for sustainable farming practices to mitigate antimicrobial resistance.