Development of a Diagnostic Questionnaire for Damp Phlegm Pattern and Blood Stasis Pattern in Coronary Heart Disease
Ge Fang1, Ling-Lin Zhang1, Qi Ren1
1School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510006, China.
Insights
A new diagnostic questionnaire, the CHD-DPBSPQ, effectively identifies damp phlegm and blood stasis patterns in coronary heart disease patients. This reliable and valid instrument aids in clinical assessment and research.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Psychometrics
Background:
- Coronary heart disease (CHD) diagnosis often involves pattern differentiation in Traditional Chinese Medicine.
- Damp phlegm and blood stasis are key patterns impacting CHD prognosis.
- A validated diagnostic tool is needed for these specific patterns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a diagnostic questionnaire for damp phlegm pattern and blood stasis pattern in coronary heart disease patients (CHD-DPBSPQ).
Main Methods:
- Standard questionnaire development procedures were employed.
- Item selection involved pilot studies in a tertiary hospital.
- Validation utilized a nationwide sample assessing reliability (Cronbach's alpha, split-half, test-retest) and validity (content, criterion, construct, convergent).
Main Results:
- The CHD-DPBSPQ comprises 15 items across phlegm (9 items) and blood stasis (6 items) domains.
- High reliability was demonstrated: Cronbach's alpha=0.88, split-half=0.90, ICC=0.83.
- Strong validity was confirmed through content validity index (I-CVI=0.71-1.0, Scale-CVI/Ave=0.97), criterion validity (correlation with existing questionnaires, P<0.01), and construct validity (RMSEA=0.05).
Conclusions:
- The CHD-DPBSPQ is a reliable and valid instrument for diagnosing damp phlegm and blood stasis patterns in CHD patients.
- This questionnaire can be a valuable tool in clinical practice and research for TCM-based CHD management.
Background:
The aim was to develop a diagnostic questionnaire for damp phlegm pattern and blood stasis pattern in coronary heart disease patients (CHD-DPBSPQ).
Methods:
The standard procedures of questionnaire development were carried out to develop and assess CHD-DPBSPQ. The patients were assessed using the CHD-DPBSPQ, CHD-DPPQ, and CHD-BSPQ. Four methods were used to select the items on the CHD-DPBSPQ in a pilot study based on data from a Guizhou tertiary grade A hospital. Cronbach's alpha and the split-half reliability, test-retest reliability, content validity, criterion validity, construct validity, and convergent validity were determined in a validation study using a nationwide sample.
Results:
After item selection, the CHD-DPBSPQ contained 15 items in two domains: the phlegm domain (9 items) and the blood stasis domain (6 items). For the CHD-DPBSPQ, the alpha coefficient was 0.88, the split-half coefficient was 0.90, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.83. The range of the item-level content validity index (I-CVI) was 0.71 to 1.0 and that of the scale-level content validity index/average (Scale-CVI/Ave) was 0.97. The domain scores on the CHD-DPBSPQ were in close relation to the scores on a questionnaire for damp phlegm pattern in coronary heart disease patients (CHD-DPPQ) and a questionnaire for blood stasis pattern in coronary heart disease patient (CHD-BSPQ) (P < 0.01). The root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) was equal to 0.05 (90% CI: 0.044, 0.059). Convergent validity was demonstrated with a moderate correlation.
Conclusion:
The CHD-DPBSPQ is a reliable and valid instrument.
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