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02:09
Multi-modal Pulmonary Imaging: Using Complementary Information from CT and Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI to Evaluate Lung Structure-Function
Published on: April 12, 2024
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Longitudinal changes in structural lung abnormalities using MDCT in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with
Rie Anazawa1, Naoko Kawata1, Yukiko Matsuura1
1Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan.
Plos One
|December 31, 2019
Summary
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma-like features show distinct longitudinal lung structural changes compared to COPD alone. Emphysematous changes increased in both groups, but vascular and airway alterations differed significantly.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Radiology
- Respiratory Physiology
Background:
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) can present with asthma-like features, yet structural lung abnormalities in this subgroup are underreported.
- Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) enables assessment of emphysematous changes (low-attenuation areas, LAA), airway wall thickness (WA%), and pulmonary vasculature loss (%CSA<5).
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze and compare longitudinal structural lung changes in patients with COPD versus those with COPD and asthma-like features.
- To investigate differences in CT-derived parameters (LAA, %CSA<5, WA%) over a two-year period between these patient groups.
Main Methods:
- Pulmonary function tests (PFTs), MDCT, and COPD Assessment Test (CAT) were conducted on 50 COPD patients and 29 COPD patients with asthma-like features at baseline and two years later.
- Changes in clinical parameters and CT indices were analyzed, with a focus on differences in structural changes between the groups.
Main Results:
- Emphysematous LAA significantly increased in both COPD groups.
- Pulmonary vasculature loss (%CSA<5) significantly increased in COPD patients but significantly decreased in COPD with asthma-like features.
- Distal airway wall thickness (WA%) decreased in COPD patients but remained stable in those with asthma-like features.
Conclusions:
- Longitudinal structural lung changes, particularly in pulmonary vasculature and distal airways, differ between COPD patients with and without asthma-like features.
- These distinct changes suggest potentially different disease progression pathways in COPD patients with comorbid asthma-like features.
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