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Complement and Complement Targeting Therapies in Glomerular Diseases

Sofia Andrighetto1,2, Jeremy Leventhal1, Gianluigi Zaza2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|January 1, 2020
PubMed

Insights

The complement cascade, a key part of innate immunity, plays a significant role in various kidney diseases. Targeting complement activation offers a promising therapeutic strategy for these conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Nephrology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • The complement cascade is integral to the innate immune system, defending against pathogens.
  • Emerging evidence implicates complement in the pathogenesis of diverse renal diseases, including antibody-related glomerulopathies and non-antibody-mediated kidney diseases like C3 glomerulopathy and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome.
  • Its pivotal role in renal pathogenesis highlights complement activation as a viable therapeutic target.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review complement activation and regulation pathways.
  • To illustrate the role of complement in initiating and exacerbating glomerular injury.
  • To discuss novel complement-targeting therapies for kidney diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on complement pathways.
  • Analysis of complement's role in glomerular injury mechanisms.
  • Evaluation of current and emerging anti-complement therapeutic agents.

Main Results:

  • Complement activation contributes to a wide range of kidney diseases.
  • Several anti-complement agents are approved or in development.
  • Targeting complement pathways shows therapeutic potential.

Conclusions:

  • The complement system is a critical factor in renal disease pathogenesis.
  • Therapeutic strategies targeting complement activation are advancing rapidly.
  • Novel anti-complement agents represent a promising frontier in treating kidney diseases.

Keywords:
C3 glomerulopathyalternative complement pathwaycomplementcomplement-targeting therapiesfocal segmental glomerulosclerosishemolytic uremic syndrome

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