Cremophor EL Nano-Emulsion Monomerizes Chlorophyll a in Water Medium

In this paper, the application of a non-ionic detergent Cremophor EL for monomerization of chlorophyll a in an aqueous medium is studied. The spectrophotometric properties of chlorophyll a encapsulated into the Cremophor EL nano-emulsion system were characterized by electronic absorption, steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence as well as circular dichroism spectroscopy. The results have shown that chlorophyll a dissolves more efficiently in the aqueous medium containing low-level Cremophor (5 wt%) than at an ethanolic solution even in the concentration of 10^-4 M. The molecular organization of the chlorophyll a in the Cremophor EL nano-micelles was also investigated by means of Raman spectroscopy. The spectral changes in the frequency of the C=O stretching group were used to distinguish the aggregation state of chlorophyll. It was revealed that chlorophyll a exists dominantly in the monomeric form in the Cremophor EL aqueous solution. The promising aspect of the use of Cremophor EL nano-emulsion as a delivery system is to maintain stable chlorophyll monomer in an aqueous medium. It would open the potential for a new, practical application of chlorophyll a in medicine, as a dietary supplement or studies on molecular organization of chlorophyll a in the well-defined artificial system.