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Exploring patient experiences with and attitudes towards hypertension at a private hospital in Uganda: a qualitative

Hayley M Lynch1, Aliza S Green1, Rose Clarke Nanyonga2

  • 1Arnhold Institute for Global Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1216 5th Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA.

International Journal for Equity in Health
|January 1, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Patient knowledge and attitudes significantly impact hypertension management in sub-Saharan Africa. Educational interventions are crucial to improve self-management behaviors and address barriers to care for hypertension.

Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Cardiology
  • Health Literacy

Background:

  • Hypertension is a leading global mortality risk factor, disproportionately affecting sub-Saharan Africa.
  • Existing research highlights healthcare resource limitations as a key contributor to the hypertension gap.
  • The influence of patient knowledge and attitudes on hypertension care engagement remains under-explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore awareness, knowledge, and attitudes towards hypertension management among patients in Kampala, Uganda.
  • To assess how health literacy influences patient engagement with hypertension care.
  • To identify patient-level factors affecting adherence to hypertension treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative descriptive study involving 64 participants (with and without hypertension).
  • Interviews conducted in English at a private hospital in Kampala.
  • Thematic analysis guided by the Integrated Conceptual Health Literacy Model.

Main Results:

  • Three key themes emerged: Timing of Hypertension Diagnosis, Aiming for Health Literacy, and Influence of Knowledge on Behavior.
  • Many diagnosed with hypertension learned incidentally, highlighting low awareness of its asymptomatic nature.
  • Participants struggled to translate knowledge into self-management due to incomplete information and conflicting personal desires.

Conclusions:

  • Internal patient factors, including knowledge and attitudes, substantially impact hypertension adherence.
  • Educational interventions are necessary to improve patient understanding and self-management of hypertension.
  • Systemic barriers, such as cost, persist and require recognition by healthcare providers.
Abstract

Keywords:
Health literacyHypertensionNon-communicable diseases (NCDs)Qualitative researchUganda

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