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Juniperus pingii var. wilsonii acidic polysaccharide: Extraction, characterization and anticomplement activity.

Long Xia1, Deji2, Mengxia Zhu1

  • 1School of Pharmacy, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.

Carbohydrate Polymers
|January 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary

A novel polysaccharide, XB-PS3, from Juniperus pingii var. Wilsonii twigs shows strong anticomplement activity. Its structure, featuring specific linkages and branches, is crucial for this immune-modulating effect.

Keywords:
Acidic polysaccharideAnticomplement activityBranch structureGalacturonic acidsJuniperus pingii var. wilsoniiOligosaccharide

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Area of Science:

  • Natural Product Chemistry
  • Immunology
  • Carbohydrate Chemistry

Background:

  • The complement system is a crucial part of innate immunity.
  • Polysaccharides from natural sources are increasingly investigated for immunomodulatory properties.
  • Juniperus species are known sources of bioactive compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize a novel polysaccharide (XB-PS3) from Juniperus pingii var. Wilsonii twigs.
  • To investigate the anticomplement activity of XB-PS3.
  • To elucidate the structure-activity relationship between XB-PS3's chemical structure and its anticomplement function.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and purification of polysaccharide XB-PS3.
  • Molecular weight determination (86.04 kDa).
  • Structural elucidation using monosaccharide composition analysis, methylation, 2D NMR spectroscopy, and UPLC-MS.
  • Anticomplement activity assay (CH50 determination).
  • Chemical modification (reduction of uronic acids, partial hydrolysis) to assess structure-activity relationships.

Main Results:

  • XB-PS3 is an acidic polysaccharide with a backbone of →2,4)-α-Manp-(1→ and →4)-α-GalpA-(1→ (60% esterified), with an araban branch.
  • XB-PS3 demonstrated potent anticomplement activity (CH50: 117.23 ± 18.74 μg/mL), interacting with complement components C3, C4, C5, and C9.
  • Weakened anticomplement activity was observed after reducing galacturonic acids or removing branches, highlighting their importance.

Conclusions:

  • XB-PS3 possesses significant anticomplement activity, suggesting potential therapeutic applications.
  • The uronic acid content and specific branching patterns are critical for the observed anticomplement potency of XB-PS3.
  • Further research into XB-PS3 could lead to novel immunomodulatory agents.