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The gastrointestinal tract, responsible for the digestion and absorption of nutrients, is safeguarded by the intestinal barrier, which consists of secretory, physical, and immune components. At the forefront is the secretory barrier, composed of essential elements such as mucus, gut microbiota, and defense proteins. They collaborate to break down food particles, facilitate nutrient absorption, and maintain optimal gut health. These secretory components ensure the smooth functioning of the...
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Cyclic nucleotides, gut physiology and inflammation.

Hari Prasad1, Avinash Ravindranath Shenoy2, Sandhya Srikant Visweswariah1

  • 1Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India.

The FEBS Journal
|January 1, 2020
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Summary

Pathogenic bacteria cause diarrhea by disrupting gut ion and water secretion via cyclic adenosine 3

Keywords:
cAMPcGMPcholera toxininflammasomereceptor guanylyl cyclase Csalmonellosis

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Microbiology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Diarrheal disease is a major global health concern, particularly in children.
  • Gut barrier erosion and inflammation are secondary effects of diarrhea.
  • Pathogenic bacteria contribute significantly to diarrheal diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of cyclic nucleotides in pathogenic bacteria-mediated diarrhea.
  • To explore the impact of ion and water secretion on gut homeostasis.
  • To examine the potential modulation of inflammasome signaling by ion flux.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on pathogenic bacteria-mediated diarrhea.
  • Emphasis on cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) signaling pathways.
  • Speculation on ion flux effects on inflammasome signaling.

Main Results:

  • Cyclic nucleotides (cAMP and cGMP) drive signaling outputs leading to gut epithelial ion and water secretion.
  • Aberrant ion efflux and influx are implicated in diarrhea.
  • Potential modulation of inflammasome signaling by ion transport.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding cyclic nucleotide signaling is crucial for addressing bacterial diarrhea.
  • Ion transport dysregulation impacts gut barrier integrity and function.
  • Further research into ion flux and inflammasome interactions is warranted.