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Surface Tension of Fluid

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Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
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When a paint brush is immersed in water, the bristles wave freely inside the water. When it is taken out, the bristles stick together. The reason behind this effect is surface tension.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 31, 2025

Rendering SiO2/Si Surfaces Omniphobic by Carving Gas-Entrapping Microtextures Comprising Reentrant and Doubly Reentrant Cavities or Pillars

Rendering SiO2/Si Surfaces Omniphobic by Carving Gas-Entrapping Microtextures Comprising Reentrant and Doubly Reentrant Cavities or Pillars

Published on: February 11, 2020

Self-Compensating Liquid-Repellent Surfaces with Stratified Morphology.

Songtao Hu¹, Xiaobao Cao², Tom Reddyhoff³

¹State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

|January 1, 2020

Summary

Inspired by geological plateaus, a new self-compensating strategy creates durable liquid-repellent surfaces. This robust design maintains repellency even after significant mechanical damage, paving the way for industrial applications.

Keywords:

3D laser lithography artificial surface friction liquid repellency mechanical robustness

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Preparation and High-temperature Anti-adhesion Behavior of a Slippery Surface on Stainless Steel

Preparation and High-temperature Anti-adhesion Behavior of a Slippery Surface on Stainless Steel

Published on: March 29, 2018

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Last Updated: Dec 31, 2025

Rendering SiO2/Si Surfaces Omniphobic by Carving Gas-Entrapping Microtextures Comprising Reentrant and Doubly Reentrant Cavities or Pillars

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Preparation and High-temperature Anti-adhesion Behavior of a Slippery Surface on Stainless Steel

Preparation and High-temperature Anti-adhesion Behavior of a Slippery Surface on Stainless Steel

Published on: March 29, 2018

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Surface Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Artificial liquid-repellent surfaces are crucial but lack mechanical robustness for industrial use.
Existing designs struggle to maintain performance after damage.
Nature-inspired strategies are sought for enhanced durability.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a mechanically robust and durable artificial liquid-repellent surface.
To introduce a self-compensating strategy inspired by geological plateau formations.
To demonstrate sustained liquid repellency under harsh conditions.

Main Methods:

A plateau-inspired stratified surface was designed and synthesized.
Three-dimensional (3D) direct laser lithography micro-nano fabrication was employed.
The surface's repellency and robustness were tested against frictional damage and droplet impacts.

Main Results:

The fabricated surface exhibited sustained liquid repellency, with a water contact angle exceeding 147° post-damage.
The self-compensating structure effectively preserved interfacial repellency after mechanical damage.
The surface demonstrated resilience to high pressures from droplet impacts.

Conclusions:

The plateau-inspired self-compensating strategy offers unprecedented robustness for liquid-repellent surfaces.
This approach overcomes the mechanical limitations of current artificial repellent materials.
The findings open new avenues for durable, nature-inspired functional surfaces in industry.