Structural and functional characterization of Tomato SUMO1 gene
Alamery Salman1, Attia Kotb1,2, Abdelhalim I Ghazy3
1Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, Biochemistry Department, KSU, POX 2455-11451, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
|January 1, 2020
Summary
Researchers identified and cloned the novel SlS-SUMO1 gene in tomato plants. This Small Ubiquitin-related Modifier (SUMO) gene is crucial for protein modification and transport within plant cells.
Area of Science:
- Plant Molecular Biology
- Post-Translational Modifications
- Gene Cloning and Characterization
Background:
- Small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) proteins are vital regulators of cellular functions through post-translational modification.
- SUMO proteins share structural similarities with ubiquitin and are processed via enzymatic cascades.
- Understanding SUMO gene function in plants is essential for elucidating complex biological pathways.
Purpose of the Study:
- To clone and characterize a novel SUMO gene from Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), cv Saudi-1.
- To investigate the structural features, phylogenetic relationships, and subcellular localization of the identified SUMO gene and its protein product.
- To explore the interaction and co-localization of the SlS-SUMO1 protein with SUMO conjugating enzyme SCE1a.
Main Methods:
- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using specific primers for gene cloning.
- Bioinformatic analysis including phylogenetic analysis based on sequence similarity.
- Protein expression, localization studies (nucleus, cytoplasm, nuclear envelope/pore complex), and co-localization assays with SCE1a.
Main Results:
- A new SUMO gene, SlS-SUMO1, was successfully cloned from tomato.
- SlS-SUMO1 exhibits conserved SUMO features, including a C-terminal diglycine (GG) motif and a ΨKXE/D consensus sequence.
- Phylogenetic analysis reveals SlS-SUMO1 is homologous to potato SUMO genes, indicating high conservation.
- The SlS-SUMO1 protein localizes to the nucleus, cytoplasm, and nuclear envelope/pore complex.
- SlS-SUMO1 co-expressed and co-localized with SCE1a in the nucleus, forming distinct nuclear subdomains.
Conclusions:
- The SlS-SUMO1 gene is confirmed as a functional member of the SUMO gene family in tomato.
- SUMO protein processing occurs via the GG motif, and activation/transport to the nucleus is mediated by the sumoylation system.
- This study provides insights into the role of SUMOylation in plant cellular processes and protein regulation.
More Related Videos
09:05Tomato Root Transformation Followed by Inoculation with Ralstonia Solanacearum for Straightforward Genetic Analysis of Bacterial Wilt Disease
Published on: March 11, 2020
12.4K
06:26An Efficient Clearing Protocol for the Study of Seed Development in Tomato Solanum lycopersicum L.
Published on: September 7, 2022
4.9K
Related Concept Videos
02:53Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation
6.5K
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
6.5K
01:30Structure of a Gene
15.2K
A gene is the fundamental unit of heredity. Every individual has two copies of each gene, one inherited from each parent. Although most people contain the same genes, there is a small fraction that is slightly different amongst people. A gene with a small difference in its sequence of DNA bases forms different alleles, contributing to different phenotypes.
However, only 1% of the DNA is composed of genes that encode proteins; the rest, 99% is non-coding DNA. This non-coding DNA performs...
However, only 1% of the DNA is composed of genes that encode proteins; the rest, 99% is non-coding DNA. This non-coding DNA performs...
15.2K
01:58Fruit Development, Structure, and Function
24.6K
Fruits form from a mature flower ovary. As seeds develop from the ovules contained within, the ovary wall undergoes a series of complex changes to form fruit. In some fruits, such as soybeans, the ovary wall dries; in other fruits, such as grapes, it remains fleshy. In some cases, organs other than the ovary contribute to fruit formation; such fruits are called accessory fruits.
24.6K
01:30General Transcription Factors
6.6K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
6.6K
01:27Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression
792
Gene expression in prokaryotes is governed by constitutive and regulated systems, allowing cells to balance the production of essential proteins with adaptive responses to environmental changes.Constitutive Gene ExpressionConstitutive, or housekeeping, genes are continuously expressed as they encode proteins vital for fundamental cellular processes. These include enzymes for glycolysis, ribosomal components for protein synthesis, and proteins involved in DNA replication. Their constant...
792
01:17Gene Regulation During Sporulation
380
Sporulation is a complex developmental process that allows certain Gram-positive bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium species, to survive extreme environmental conditions. This process is tightly regulated by a series of signaling cascades and transcriptional controls, ensuring the formation of a highly resistant endospore.Sporulation is triggered by unfavorable conditions, such as nutrient depletion, and is governed by a phosphorelay system. One of the sensor kinases, such as...
380