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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
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DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
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Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model
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Lifetime UVR Dose and Skin Cancer Risk, Determined by Their Common Relation to Solar Lentigines.

Ann-Sofie Sonne Holm-Schou1, Peter Alshede Philipsen2, Luise Winkel Idorn1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Research Department D92, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Anticancer Research
|January 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Ultraviolet radiation exposure is linked to solar lentigines and skin cancer. While lifetime UVR dose correlates with skin cancer risk, skin phototype is a more significant factor.

Keywords:
Skin cancerUVRskin phototypesolar lentigines

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Photobiology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is a known carcinogen, causing solar lentigines (SL) and skin cancer (SC) in humans.
  • The direct association between cumulative lifetime UVR dose and SC risk has not been extensively studied.
  • Solar lentigines (SL) may serve as a biomarker for UVR exposure and subsequent skin cancer risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between lifetime UVR dose and the development of solar lentigines (SL).
  • To examine the association between SL and skin cancer (SC) incidence.
  • To estimate the combined risk of SC related to lifetime UVR dose and individual skin phototype.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study involving 38 healthy participants assessed the association between lifetime UVR dose and SL.
  • A second study of 2,898 participants, including 149 with SC, investigated the relationship between SL and SC.
  • Statistical analysis combined data to estimate SC risk based on UVR dose and skin phototype.

Main Results:

  • A positive correlation was observed between SL and lifetime UVR dose (p=0.060).
  • Both skin phototype (p=0.001) and SL (p<0.001) were significantly associated with SC.
  • SC risk increased by 1.23-fold for every doubling of average lifetime UVR dose. Individuals with very fair skin had a 34.9 times higher risk compared to those with dark Mediterranean skin.

Conclusions:

  • Skin phototype is a more critical determinant of skin cancer risk than lifetime UVR dose.
  • SL can be a useful indicator of cumulative UVR exposure and associated skin cancer risk.
  • Understanding these factors is crucial for personalized skin cancer prevention strategies.