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Related Experiment Videos

Racial differences in bladder cancer risk: a case-control study.

C Schairer1, P Hartge, R N Hoover

  • 1Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.

American Journal of Epidemiology
|November 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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White individuals have a higher incidence of early-stage bladder cancer than Black individuals. This difference may be due to detection, not necessarily increased progression risk, impacting overall cancer rates.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Oncology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Transitional cell bladder cancer incidence is notably higher in White populations compared to Black populations in the United States.
  • Understanding the disparities in bladder cancer rates is crucial for targeted public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the reasons behind the approximately twofold higher incidence rate of transitional cell bladder cancer in White individuals compared to Black individuals in the U.S.
  • To analyze the impact of various risk factors on this observed racial disparity.

Main Methods:

  • A large-scale, population-based case-control study of bladder cancer was conducted in 1978.
  • Data from 2,982 cases and 5,782 controls were analyzed to compare risk factors and disease characteristics between racial groups.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Statistical adjustments were made for known bladder cancer risk factors, including cigarette smoking, occupation, bladder infections, and family history.

    • Main Results:

    • The relative risk of transitional cell carcinoma for White individuals compared to Black individuals was 1.9 before adjustments and 1.6 after adjusting for smoking and occupation.
    • Further adjustments for other factors did not significantly alter the risk estimate.
    • The elevated risk in White individuals was primarily observed in cases with disease confined to the mucosa and submucosa.
    • White individuals showed a slightly reduced risk for more advanced disease (extending to bladder musculature or beyond) compared to Black individuals.

    Conclusions:

    • The disparity in bladder cancer incidence between White and Black individuals appears linked to early-stage disease detection in White populations.
    • The findings suggest that differences in diagnosis of non-progressive conditions may contribute to the observed incidence rates.
    • Reducing bladder cancer incidence in White individuals to levels seen in Black individuals could decrease overall U.S. incidence by 36%.