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Related Concept Videos

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Change in atmospheric pressure with height is particularly interesting. The decrease in atmospheric pressure with increasing altitude is due to the decreasing gravitational force per unit area as we move away from the surface of the earth.
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Sometimes, there is a need to convert from one unit to another one. For instance, reading a cookbook in which quantities are expressed in units of liters or ounces may require conversion of quantities to cups. Or, when looking up directions on how to get to a location, we may be interested to know how many miles we are going to walk. In this case, we would have to convert units of feet or meters to miles.
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The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...
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Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions01:28

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An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...
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Precipitation Gravimetry01:03

Precipitation Gravimetry

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Precipitation gravimetry is based on converting an analyte into a sparingly soluble precipitate, which is separated by filtration and weighed. An ideal precipitate should be pure, insoluble, of known composition, and easily filtered from the reaction mixture.
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Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
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The Ensemble Mars Atmosphere Reanalysis System (EMARS) Version 1.0.

Steven J Greybush1,2,3, Eugenia Kalnay3, R John Wilson4

  • 1Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA.

Geoscience Data Journal
|January 3, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Ensemble Mars Atmosphere Reanalysis System (EMARS) dataset provides hourly Martian atmospheric data from 1999-2017. This reanalysis combines observations with a climate model for detailed atmospheric studies and spacecraft operations.

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assimilationatmosphereensemblemarsreanalysis

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Area of Science:

  • Planetary Science
  • Atmospheric Science
  • Climate Science

Background:

  • Reanalysis combines sparse observations with dynamical models to estimate atmospheric states.
  • The Ensemble Mars Atmosphere Reanalysis System (EMARS) dataset offers a comprehensive view of Mars' atmosphere.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To release version 1.0 of the EMARS dataset, providing hourly gridded atmospheric variables for Mars.
  • To enable detailed scientific and engineering studies of the Martian atmosphere.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizes the Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (LETKF) for data assimilation.
  • Employs the GFDL/NASA Mars Global Climate Model (MGCM).
  • Assimilates temperature data from the Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) and Mars Climate Sounder (MCS).

Main Results:

  • Provides hourly gridded fields of temperature, wind, surface pressure, dust, water ice, and CO2 ice.
  • Covers Mars Year 24 through 33 (1999-2017).

Conclusions:

  • The EMARS dataset is a valuable resource for studying Martian atmospheric phenomena like dust storms and polar vortex.
  • Enables enhanced planning and operations for Mars missions.