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A general method for multiscale modelling of vector-borne disease systems.

Winston Garira1, Faraimunashe Chirove2

  • 1Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa.

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Developing multiscale models for vector-borne diseases is crucial for control. This study presents a general method integrating within-host and between-host scales to understand pathogen dynamics and identify control targets.

Keywords:
community pathogen loadimmuno-epidemiological modelslinking within-host and between-host scale modelsmultiscale modelling of human onchocerciasismultiscale models of disease systemsmultiscale models of vector-borne diseases

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Area of Science:

  • Mathematical modeling
  • Epidemiology
  • Vector-borne diseases

Background:

  • Controlling multi-host vector-borne diseases is challenging due to limitations in multiscale modeling.
  • Identifying critical control points within pathogen life cycles across hosts remains difficult.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a general method for developing multiscale models of vector-borne disease systems.
  • To integrate within-host and between-host scales for vertebrate and vector hosts.
  • To provide a framework for understanding pathogen population dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Extending previous work on multiscale infectious disease models.
  • Integrating pathogen dynamics at within-host and between-host levels.
  • Applying the method to human onchocerciasis (river blindness) as a case study.

Main Results:

  • A generalizable method for multiscale modeling of vector-borne diseases is established.
  • The model integrates pathogen life cycle stages across hosts.
  • The approach facilitates identification of key regulatory constraints.

Conclusions:

  • The developed multiscale modeling method enhances understanding of vector-borne disease dynamics.
  • This framework aids in identifying critical targets for disease control and elimination strategies.
  • Application to onchocerciasis demonstrates the method's utility.