Cellular Therapy for Ischemic Heart Disease: An Update
Hsuan Peng1, Ahmed Abdel-Latif2
1Saha Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Pharmacology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Insights
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) and heart attack (myocardial infarction, MI) cause significant mortality. Current stem cell therapies for cardiac regeneration show modest success, highlighting the need for enhanced strategies.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Regenerative Medicine
- Stem Cell Biology
Background:
- Ischemic heart disease (IHD), including heart failure (HF) post-myocardial infarction (MI), is a leading cause of global mortality.
- MI incidence is high in the US, with damaged myocardium repair failure leading to recurrent events, HF, and death.
- Heart failure (HF) presents an unmet clinical need with no therapies to replace damaged heart muscle, and patient numbers are projected to rise.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review cell types investigated for cardiac therapy in ischemic heart disease (IHD).
- To introduce current research focused on improving the therapeutic efficacy of transplanted cells for cardiac regeneration.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on stem cell therapy for IHD.
- Examination of various cell types used in preclinical and clinical cardiac regeneration studies.
- Analysis of strategies to enhance the therapeutic potential of transplanted cells.
Main Results:
- Stem cell therapy shows promise but has yielded modest success in human clinical trials for cardiac repair.
- Diverse cell types have been explored for their regenerative capabilities in the context of IHD.
- Ongoing research aims to overcome limitations and enhance the effectiveness of cell-based cardiac therapies.
Conclusions:
- Cardiac regeneration via stem cell therapy remains a challenging but critical area of research for IHD.
- Further investigation into cell types and enhancement strategies is necessary to improve clinical outcomes for heart attack survivors.
- Developing effective therapies to replace damaged myocardium is essential given the increasing prevalence of HF.
Abstract:
Ischemic heart disease (IHD), which includes heart failure (HF) induced by heart attack (myocardial infarction, MI), is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide (Benjamin, et al. Circulation 139:e56-e66, 2019). MI occurs at an alarmingly high rate in the United States (approx. One case every 40 seconds), and the failure to repair damaged myocardium is the leading cause of recurrent heart attacks, heart failure (HF), and death within 5 years of MI (Benjamin, et al. Circulation 139:e56-e66, 2019). At present, HF represents an unmet need with no approved clinical therapies to replace the damaged myocardium. As the population ages, the number of heart failure patients is projected to increase, doubling the annual cost by 2030 (Benjamin, et al. Circulation 139:e56-e66, 2019). In the past decades, stem cell therapy has become a promising strategy for cardiac regeneration. However, stem cell-based therapy yielded modest success in human clinical trials. This chapter examines the types of cells examined in cardiac therapy in the setting of IHD, with a brief introduction to ongoing research aiming at enhancing the therapeutic potential of transplanted cells.
Related Concept Videos
01:17Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and...
01:29Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care
01:26Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology
01:19Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations
01:21Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell...
01:14Myocarditis III: Medical Management