Methamphetamine use in typical Chinese cities evaluated by wastewater-based epidemiology

Area of Science:

• Environmental Science
• Forensic Science
• Public Health

Background:

• Methamphetamine is a significant illicit drug concern in China.
• Understanding its prevalence and consumption patterns is crucial for public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To estimate the prevalence and consumption of methamphetamine in China using wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE).
• To analyze the spatial distribution and temporal trends of methamphetamine use across Chinese cities.

Main Methods:

• Wastewater samples were collected from 27 wastewater treatment plants in 22 Chinese cities.
• Methamphetamine concentrations were analyzed to estimate consumption per capita.
• Data from 2014 and 2018 were compared to assess temporal trends.

Main Results:

• Methamphetamine concentrations varied widely, from 42.6 ng/L to 700 ng/L.
• Estimated annual consumption in 2018 was 84 tons, a 26% decrease from 2014.
• Prevalence was estimated at 0.64%, indicating over five million users in 2018, with highest consumption in Central China.

Conclusions:

• Wastewater-based epidemiology is effective for monitoring illicit drug use trends and spatial patterns in China.
• Methamphetamine use exhibits geographic and cultural dependencies.
• Findings provide evidence for targeted prevention and control strategies against methamphetamine abuse.