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King Richard III revisited.

Roger W Byard1

  • 1Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology, The University of Adelaide, Frome Road, Level 2 Helen Mayo Building North, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia. roger.byard@sa.gov.au.

Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology
|January 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Forensic analysis identified the skeletal remains of King Richard III, confirming his identity and severe scoliosis. This study demonstrates how modern forensic science can resolve historical mysteries.

Keywords:
Bosworth fieldDNAHenry TudorKing Richard IIIPlantagenetScoliosis

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Anthropology
  • Paleopathology
  • Historical Sciences

Background:

  • The identity and physical condition of King Richard III have been subjects of historical debate.
  • Skeletal remains were discovered in Leicester, UK, in 2012.

Observation:

  • Exhumed skeletal remains exhibited 11 perimortem injuries consistent with battle trauma.
  • Severe thoracic scoliosis and a raised right shoulder were noted, indicating a "hunchback."

Findings:

  • DNA analysis and forensic examination confirmed the remains belonged to King Richard III.
  • The vertebral disease (scoliosis) was verified, supporting historical accounts.
  • Perimortem injuries align with descriptions of his death at the Battle of Bosworth Field.

Implications:

  • Contemporary forensic techniques can definitively answer historical questions.
  • The physical characteristics of Richard III, including his scoliosis, are confirmed.
  • The circumstances of his death have been elucidated through scientific investigation.