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Panel 1: Biotechnology, biomedical engineering and new models of otitis media
Marie Gisselsson-Solén1, Paula A Tähtinen2, Allen F Ryan3
1Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|January 6, 2020
Summary
Biomedical engineering and biotechnology are advancing otitis media (OM) diagnosis and treatment. New imaging, AI, vaccines, and drug delivery methods show promise for improved middle ear infection management.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Biotechnology
- Medical Technology
Background:
- Otitis media (OM) remains a significant health concern, necessitating advancements in its diagnosis and treatment.
- Current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for OM require innovation to improve patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent key articles on biomedical engineering, biotechnology, and novel models related to otitis media.
- To summarize emerging technologies and approaches for OM diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major electronic databases (PubMed, Ovid Medline, Cochrane Library, Clinical Evidence).
- Articles published between May 2015 and May 2019 focusing on biomedical engineering, biotechnology, material science, and animal models in OM were reviewed.
- A total of 132 relevant articles were included in this review.
Main Results:
- Novel imaging technologies are emerging for assessing tympanic membrane (TM) thickness and middle ear biofilms.
- Artificial intelligence (AI) shows potential for accurate OM diagnosis.
- Genetically modified mouse models are advancing the understanding of OM predisposition and hearing loss.
- New vaccine candidates targeting major otopathogens, including combined vaccines, are under development.
- Transcutaneous vaccination has shown success in animal models.
- Innovative trans-tympanic drug delivery systems are progressing towards clinical application.
- Growth factors and grafting materials demonstrate promise for TM perforation repair in preclinical studies.
Conclusions:
- Emerging technologies and AI applications show promise for improving OM diagnosis, with some entering clinical practice.
- Novel vaccines and drug delivery methods offer potential for localized OM treatment.
- While promising, new diagnostic methods, vaccines, and drug delivery systems require further adaptation for widespread clinical use.
