[Voided urinary cytodiagnosis. Cyto-histologic comparison]

Area of Science:

• Uropathology
• Cytopathology
• Oncology

Background:

• Voided urinary cytology is a non-invasive diagnostic tool for detecting urothelial neoplasms.
• Histological grading is crucial for determining tumor aggressiveness and guiding treatment.
• Classical cytological criteria may miss low-grade tumors, necessitating refined diagnostic approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of voided urinary cytology using cytocentrifugation over a 4-year period.
• To compare cytological findings with histological diagnoses for transitional cell tumors.
• To assess the impact of repeated examinations on diagnostic sensitivity.

Main Methods:

• A 4-year prospective study involving voided urinary cytology with cytocentrifugation.
• Comparison of cytological results with subsequent histological findings.
• Analysis of diagnostic sensitivity based on tumor histological grade.

Main Results:

• Cytological sensitivity varies with tumor grade; Grade 1 papillary tumors are challenging to detect with classical criteria.
• Voided urinary cytology effectively detects Grade 2 and 3 papillary tumors, dysplasia, and in situ carcinoma.
• Repeating the cytology examination three times significantly enhances detection rates.
• The method identifies tumors in both the upper and lower urinary tracts.

Conclusions:

• Voided urinary cytology, particularly with repeated sampling, is a valuable tool for detecting urothelial neoplasms.
• Refined cytological criteria may improve detection of low-grade tumors.
• Protocols for diagnosis and follow-up of transitional cell tumors can be established.
• Screening high-risk populations is a potential application, requiring further investigation.