Study on Pb release by several new lixiviants in weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore leaching process:...

New leaching agents could lead to a reduction in ammonia nitrogen pollution and the supplementation of soil nutrients during in-situ mining. They could also result in the release of even more toxic heavy metals, which has an impact on the environment as well as human health. In this study, column leaching experiments were used to simulate in-situ leaching, and the leaching behavior and fractional changes of lead in weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore by different leaching agents were studied. The experimental results showed that the amount of lead that was leached followed the order of CLA (60% CaCl₂ + 25% NH₄Cl + 15% MgSO₄) > (NH₄)₂SO₄ > MgSO₄. The lead leaching process was comprised of both an acceleration and deceleration stage that followed the first order kinetic model. The amount of Pb when using compound agent was the greatest most likely because of the presence of Cl^-. The soil heavy metal morphology test showed that the three leaching agents primarily leached acid extractable lead, and the compound leaching agent leached the greatest amount of acid extractable Pb, which mainly due to the presence of NH₄Cl. The reducible fraction was enriched in the direction of migration of the leachate, which was due to the presence of SO₄^2-. These results indicate that the introduction of leaching agents during the mining process pose a greater risk for the release of heavy metals and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and remediation of heavy metal pollution in mining areas where new leaching agents were used.