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Pediatric Brainstem Gliomas: An Institutional Experience.

Altaf Ali Laghari1, Mirza Zain Baig2, Ehsan Bari1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.

Asian Journal of Neurosurgery
|January 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric brainstem gliomas, particularly diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs), have a poor prognosis. Radiotherapy may extend survival but does not offer a cure for these aggressive pediatric brain tumors.

Keywords:
Pediatric brainstem gliomasradiotherapysurvival

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Clinical Neurology

Background:

  • Brainstem gliomas are a significant challenge in pediatric neuro-oncology.
  • Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) represent the most common and aggressive subtype.
  • Understanding clinical profiles and treatment outcomes is crucial for improving patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of pediatric brainstem gliomas.
  • To evaluate the impact of radiotherapy on survival in pediatric DIPG patients.
  • To identify factors influencing disease progression and survival.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 18 pediatric patients diagnosed with brainstem glioma.
  • Data collection included demographics, clinical symptoms, imaging, histopathology, and treatment details.
  • Statistical analysis performed using SPSS version 23.

Main Results:

  • The cohort mean age was 8.6 years; 16 patients (88.9%) had DIPGs.
  • Mean overall survival (OS) was 9.7 months and mean progression-free survival (PFS) was 6.3 months.
  • Radiotherapy improved OS and PFS in DIPG patients; longer diagnostic latency correlated with better PFS.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric DIPGs carry a poor prognosis, with all DIPG patients in this cohort succumbing to the disease.
  • Radiotherapy can prolong survival but is not a curative treatment for pediatric brainstem gliomas.
  • Early diagnosis and timely intervention may influence progression-free survival.