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Quantitative Hardness Measurement by Instrumented AFM-indentation

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Published on: November 22, 2016

Quantifying the rigidity of 2D carbides (MXenes).

Tao Hu¹, Jinxing Yang², Wu Li³

¹Institute of Materials Science and Devices, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China and Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China. wang@imr.ac.cn.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP

|January 7, 2020

Summary

MXenes are strong, flexible 2D materials for electronics. Their stiffness and rigidity increase with thickness and surface functionalization, making them ideal for bendable devices.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

MXenes are 2D carbides and nitrides with potential in flexible electronics.
Their mechanical properties, specifically elasticity and flexibility, are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the in-plane stiffness and out-of-plane rigidity of typical MXenes at the nanoscale.
To understand the influence of functional groups, chemical components, and thickness on MXene mechanical properties.

Main Methods:

First-principles calculations were used to investigate four typical MXenes (Ti2CTx, Ti3C2Tx, Nb2CTx, Nb4C3Tx).
Analysis focused on in-plane stiffness (C), out-of-plane bending rigidity (D), and Foppl-von Karman numbers (C/D).

Main Results:

Both stiffness (C) and bending rigidity (D) significantly increase with MXene thickness and surface functionalization.
MXenes exhibit Foppl-von Karman numbers comparable to MoS2 monolayers, indicating a balance of strength and flexibility.
The effective thickness of MXenes was found to be two-thirds of their average layer spacing.

Conclusions:

MXenes are robust yet flexible materials suitable for flexible electronics.
Thickness and surface functionalization are key factors in tuning MXene mechanical performance.
This study provides a quantitative basis for understanding MXene nanoscale rigidity.