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Speech Recognition in Noise, Temporal and Spectral Resolution in Normal and Impaired Hearing
Stig Arlinger1, Håkan Dryselius1
1Department of Audiology, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.
Acta Oto-Laryngologica
|January 8, 2020
Summary
This study evaluated hearing resolution in normal and hearing-impaired listeners, finding that average hearing thresholds at 2 and 4 kHz best predict speech recognition in noise, followed by temporal and spectral auditory processing tests.
Area of Science:
- Audiology
- Psychoacoustics
- Speech Perception
Background:
- Assessing auditory temporal and spectral resolution is crucial for understanding speech recognition difficulties, especially in noisy environments.
- Sensorineural hearing loss can significantly impact these auditory processing abilities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate temporal and spectral hearing resolution in individuals with normal hearing and moderate, sloping sensorineural hearing loss.
- To determine the correlation between various auditory resolution parameters and speech recognition in noise.
Main Methods:
- Administered a battery of tests measuring temporal (forward masking) and spectral (frequency change detection, critical band, psychoacoustic tuning curve) resolution.
- Compared test results between a group of 10 normal-hearing listeners and 11 hearing-impaired subjects.
- Performed correlation analysis between auditory parameters and speech recognition in noise scores.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in most auditory resolution parameters were observed between normal-hearing and hearing-impaired groups, except for critical bandwidth.
- Average hearing threshold levels at 2 and 4 kHz showed the strongest correlation (approx. 0.7) with speech recognition in noise.
- Forward masking and psychoacoustic tuning curves at 4 kHz also demonstrated moderate correlations (approx. 0.6 and 0.55, respectively).
Conclusions:
- Hearing thresholds at 2 and 4 kHz are key predictors of speech recognition in noise.
- Temporal and spectral auditory resolution, particularly forward masking and psychoacoustic tuning curves, contribute to speech perception in noise.
- Frequency change detection and critical bandwidth have a weaker association with speech recognition in challenging listening conditions.
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