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Related Experiment Video

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A Novel Non-invasive Method for the Detection of Elevated Intra-compartmental Pressures of the Leg
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Wheelchair Pressure Ulcer Prevention Using FBG Based Sensing Devices.

Cátia Tavares1,2, M Fátima Domingues2, Tiago Paixão1

  • 1Department of Physics & I3N, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.

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A new fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing system effectively monitors wheelchair pressure points to prevent pressure ulcers. This reliable, compact system offers advantages over traditional sensors, even monitoring breathing rate.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Wearable Sensors
  • Rehabilitation Technology

Background:

  • Pressure ulcers are a significant complication for wheelchair users, often caused by prolonged, unrelieved pressure on specific body areas.
  • Existing electronic sensors for pressure monitoring can be susceptible to electromagnetic interference and environmental conditions like humidity.
  • There is a need for robust, reliable, and non-invasive sensing solutions for effective pressure ulcer prevention in wheelchair users.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based sensing system for monitoring pressure distribution in wheelchair users.
  • To assess the system's effectiveness in identifying high-pressure areas prone to developing pressure ulcers.
  • To explore the potential of integrating this system with user-detection software for proactive pressure relief alerts.

Main Methods:

  • Six FBGs were strategically embedded in a wheelchair to cover critical pressure points: scapulas, ischiatic zones, and heels.
  • The sensing system's performance was validated through pressure monitoring during pressure relief exercises performed by a test user.
  • Breathing rate was also monitored concurrently with pressure measurements.

Main Results:

  • The FBG-based system demonstrated effective and reliable pressure monitoring across key anatomical areas.
  • The system proved to be compact, immune to electromagnetic interference, and functional in humid environments.
  • Concurrent monitoring of pressure and breathing rate was achieved.

Conclusions:

  • The developed FBG sensing system presents a viable and advantageous alternative to conventional electronic sensors for wheelchair pressure ulcer prevention.
  • The system's ability to detect pressure and breathing rate, combined with user detection software, can facilitate timely repositioning to mitigate ulcer risk.
  • This technology offers a promising solution for improving the quality of life and health outcomes for individuals using wheelchairs.