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Updated: Dec 31, 2025

Quantitative and Temporal Control of Oxygen Microenvironment at the Single Islet Level
Published on: November 17, 2013
Hypoxia: a barricade to conquer the pancreatic cancer
Zhen Tan1,2,3,4, Jin Xu1,2,3,4, Bo Zhang1,2,3,4
1Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Abstract:
Pancreatic cancer (PC) remains one of the most extremely lethal malignancies worldwide due to late diagnosis and early metastasis, with a 1-year overall survival rate of approximately 20%. The hypoxic microenvironment, induced by intratumoral hypoxia, promotes tumor invasion and progression, leading to chemotherapy or radiotherapy resistance and eventual mortality after treatment of PC. However, the role of the hypoxic microenvironment in PC is complicated and requires further investigation. In this article, we review recent advances regarding the regulation of malignant behaviors in PC, which provide insight into the potential of hypoxic microenvironment activation therapy for the therapeutic agents.
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