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Related Concept Videos

Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

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The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
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Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview01:28

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview

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The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
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Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy01:26

Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy

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Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
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Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Dependence of Elimination Half-Life and Dose Clearance01:23

Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Dependence of Elimination Half-Life and Dose Clearance

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The elimination half-life and drug clearance of drugs following nonlinear kinetics can vary with dosage. The Michaelis-Menten parameters and drug concentration influence these factors. As the dose increases, the elimination half-life tends to lengthen, resulting in a reduction in clearance and a disproportionately larger area under the curve. The total clearance can be derived from the Michaelis-Menten equation for drugs following a one-compartment model.
A study on guinea pigs examined the...
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Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism01:27

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Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
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Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

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Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
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Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills
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Polypharmacy in schizophrenia.

Lone Baandrup1,2

  • 1Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.

Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology
|January 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Antipsychotic combination therapy is often used for schizophrenia despite evidence favoring monotherapy. While some combinations help acute agitation or negative symptoms, chronic use lacks strong support, necessitating careful monitoring.

Keywords:
antidepressantsantiepilepticsantipsychoticsbenzodiazepinescombination treatment

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Schizophrenia treatment frequently involves polypharmacy, deviating from recommended antipsychotic monotherapy.
  • A significant gap exists between clinical practice and evidence regarding antipsychotic combination therapy for schizophrenia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current evidence supporting and contradicting the use of antipsychotic combination therapy in schizophrenia.
  • To summarize the clinical utility and evidence base for various antipsychotic polypharmacy regimens.

Main Methods:

  • This study is a narrative review of existing literature on antipsychotic combination therapy in schizophrenia.
  • The review synthesizes evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of combining antipsychotics with benzodiazepines, antidepressants, and antiepileptics.

Main Results:

  • Antipsychotic-benzodiazepine combinations are effective for acute agitation but not core schizophrenia symptoms long-term.
  • Antidepressants may offer benefits for negative symptoms in schizophrenia, while evidence for antipsychotic-antiepileptic combinations is limited.
  • Clozine monotherapy is recommended for treatment-resistant schizophrenia, yet polypharmacy is often prescribed.

Conclusions:

  • The evidence base for antipsychotic polypharmacy in schizophrenia maintenance is generally sparse.
  • Combination therapy may be warranted in specific clinical situations, requiring careful risk-benefit assessment.
  • Close monitoring of therapeutic benefits and side effects is crucial when prescribing polypharmacy.