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Factors associated with trigger digit following carpal tunnel release.

Jacob Nosewicz1, Carla Cavallin2, Chin-I Cheng3

  • 1Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48858, United States. nosew1j@cmich.edu.

World Journal of Orthopedics
|January 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Trigger digit development after carpal tunnel release (CTR) surgery is not influenced by patient comorbidities. However, gender significantly impacts outcomes, with females having higher risks after open CTR but lower risks after endoscopic CTR.

Keywords:
Carpal tunnel syndromeEndoscopic carpal tunnel releaseOpen carpal tunnel release, Trigger digitStenosing tenosynovitis

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Area of Science:

  • Hand surgery
  • Orthopedics
  • Musculoskeletal disorders

Background:

  • Trigger digit is a common hand condition often associated with carpal tunnel syndrome.
  • Carpal tunnel release (CTR) surgery's role in trigger digit development is debated, particularly concerning the surgical approach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify patient risk factors for trigger digit development after open carpal tunnel release (OCTR) versus endoscopic carpal tunnel release (ECTR).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 967 CTR procedures in 694 patients.
  • Stratification by surgical technique (open vs. endoscopic) and evaluation of trigger digit development at three time points post-surgery.
  • Logistic regression analysis to identify independent risk factors and interaction effects between surgical approach and patient characteristics.

Main Results:

  • 4.9% of CTR procedures resulted in postoperative trigger digit, most commonly affecting the long finger.
  • No significant difference in trigger digit development between open and endoscopic CTR groups at any time point.
  • A significant interaction between gender and surgical approach was observed: females had higher trigger digit risk after OCTR but lower risk after ECTR.

Conclusions:

  • Patient comorbidities do not appear to influence trigger digit development post-CTR.
  • Gender-specific differences in postoperative trigger digit risk are dependent on the surgical approach used for carpal tunnel release.