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Maxillofacial Fracture Patterns in Road Traffic Accidents
Suresh Menon1, M E Sham1, Veerendra Kumar1
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vydehi Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery
|January 8, 2020
Summary
This study analyzed maxillofacial fractures from road traffic accidents (RTAs) over ten years. Young males are most affected, with mandibular fractures being most common, often due to high-speed vehicle impacts and lack of safety gear.
Area of Science:
- Trauma surgery
- Oral and maxillofacial surgery
- Public health
Background:
- Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a significant cause of maxillofacial trauma.
- Understanding fracture patterns is crucial for effective treatment and prevention strategies.
- Tertiary hospitals manage a substantial volume of complex facial injuries.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the pattern of maxillofacial fractures resulting from RTAs.
- To identify demographic and etiological factors associated with these fractures.
- To review surgical treatment outcomes for maxillofacial fractures in a tertiary care setting.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of patient data from July 2008 to June 2018.
- Inclusion criteria: patients with maxillofacial fractures due to RTAs treated surgically.
- Data collected: etiology, gender, age, fracture type; all treated with open reduction and rigid internal fixation.
Main Results:
- 348 patients diagnosed; 335 males, 13 females; age range 7-70 years.
- Most fractures occurred in the 16-30 (181) and 31-45 (133) age groups.
- Mandible (168) was the most common site, followed by zygomatic complex (92); males predominated.
Conclusions:
- Maxillofacial fractures are most prevalent in the second and third decades of life.
- High-speed vehicles and inadequate use of safety accessories (helmets, seatbelts) contribute to diverse facial bone fracture patterns.
- Surgical intervention, including open reduction and rigid internal fixation, is the standard treatment.
