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A Framework for Modelling Consumption-Based Energy Demand and Emission Pathways.

Alessio Mastrucci1, Jihoon Min1, Arkaitz Usubiaga-Liaño2

  • 1International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) , Energy Program, Schlossplatz 1 , A-2361 Laxenburg , Austria.

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Summary

This study introduces a new framework to link household consumption to economy-wide energy demand and carbon emissions in India. It highlights how lifestyle changes, like dietary shifts, can significantly reduce emissions, complementing climate mitigation strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Economics
  • Climate Change Modeling

Background:

  • Global climate scenarios often overlook household consumption's impact on economy-wide energy demand.
  • Existing models limit the analysis of lifestyles and consumption as mitigation options.
  • There's a need to integrate household consumption patterns into climate change assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a framework for estimating economy-wide energy requirements and carbon emissions from future household consumption.
  • To assess energy and emission pathways for essential well-being services (food, housing, mobility) in India.
  • To compare the impact of demand-side (consumption) versus supply-side (decarbonization) mitigation strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Linking Industrial Ecology tools with Integrated Assessment Models (IAM).
  • Developing a framework to analyze energy and emissions associated with household consumption.
  • Applying the framework to India, focusing on food, housing, and mobility services.

Main Results:

  • Nutrition-enhancing dietary changes in India can significantly reduce emissions, comparable to using public transport for mobility.
  • The effectiveness of energy demand reduction measures varies across services: housing shows the lowest impact, food the highest.
  • The study quantifies the trade-offs between demand-side interventions and supply-side decarbonization for climate stabilization.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed framework offers a more comprehensive view of climate mitigation by including household consumption and well-being.
  • Lifestyle interventions, particularly dietary changes, present a substantial, often underestimated, mitigation potential.
  • Understanding consumption-service linkages is crucial for effective climate policy and achieving climate stabilization goals.