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Evaluation of a bioengineered ACL matrix's osteointegration with BMP-2 supplementation
Paulos Y Mengsteab1,2,3,4, Patrick Conroy1,2,4, Mary Badon1
1Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, United States of America.
Plos One
|January 8, 2020
Summary
A new bioengineered anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) matrix shows promising osteointegration in rabbits. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) supplementation enhanced bone healing, suggesting potential for improved ACL reconstruction.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Tissue Engineering
Background:
- Previous poly (l-lactic) acid anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) matrices supported regeneration.
- A novel matrix design facilitates easier surgical installation with endobutton fixation.
Purpose of the Study:
- Evaluate osteointegration of a new bioengineered ACL matrix in a rabbit model.
- Assess the effect of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) supplementation on matrix integration.
Main Methods:
- A modified braiding technique created a two-limbed ACL matrix.
- Osteointegration was assessed in rabbit ACL reconstruction models with and without BMP-2 (1 μg or 10 μg).
Main Results:
- The matrix demonstrated fibrous and fibrocartilaginous interfaces with bone, similar to natural tissues.
- 1 μg BMP-2 significantly enhanced osteoid seam width; higher doses showed no significant benefit.
- Regenerated tissue within the matrix was organized, but disorganized tissue formed between matrix limbs.
Conclusions:
- The bioengineered ACL matrix supports osteointegration comparable to current grafts.
- BMP-2 may enhance osteoblastic activity and bone healing in ACL reconstruction tunnels.
