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Related Concept Videos

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders01:20

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders

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Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
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Gastric Emptying01:16

Gastric Emptying

3.1K
Gastric emptying occurs when the stomach gradually releases chyme into the duodenum. When the stomach is distended, it triggers the release of gastrin, a hormone that promotes gastric acid secretion to aid in digestion. Additionally, stomach distension contributes to peristaltic waves that propel gastric contents toward the pyloric region. The gastroenteric reflex, on the other hand, primarily stimulates peristalsis in the intestines, facilitating the movement of contents further along the...
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Gastric Motility01:16

Gastric Motility

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Gastric motility is the coordinated contraction and relaxation of stomach muscles that convert ingested food into chyme, a semi-liquid substance ready for further digestion in the intestines. The process begins with the vagus nerve inducing the relaxation of the smooth muscles in the fundus and body of the stomach, allowing these regions to expand and accommodate up to approximately 1.5 liters of food and liquid.
Peristaltic Waves and Chyme Formation
Upon food entry, the stomach initiates...
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Pathophysiology of Vomiting01:22

Pathophysiology of Vomiting

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Vomiting is a complex physiological response to expel harmful or irritating substances from the body. It's a defensive mechanism triggered by stimuli like poisons, microbial toxins, cytotoxic drugs, and mechanical abdominal distension. The process is centrally coordinated by the vomiting (or emetic) center located in the medulla of the brainstem. This area, rich in muscarinic M1, histamine H1, neurokinin 1 (NK1), and serotonin 5-HT3 receptors, coordinates the act of vomiting through...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:28

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

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Prokinetic agents are specialized medications that stimulate gastrointestinal (GI) motility, promoting food movement through the GI tract. Dopamine, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, plays a significant role in this process, reducing GI motility and indirectly controlling the speed of digestion. Dopamine receptor antagonists, such as metoclopramide and domperidone, offer a unique advantage as prokinetic agents. By blocking the dopamine receptors, these drugs increase GI motility, improving food...
1.1K
Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding01:15

Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding

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Enteral nutrition encompasses various methods of delivering nutrition directly to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, bypassing traditional oral intake. It is particularly beneficial for patients who cannot eat by mouth but have a functioning digestive system. Key methods include nasointestinal feeding, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy, each suited to different clinical scenarios based on the patient's needs and condition.
Nasointestinal Feeding
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 31, 2025

Reverse Genetics Mediated Recovery of Infectious Murine Norovirus
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Reverse Genetics Mediated Recovery of Infectious Murine Norovirus

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Norovirus-induced Gastroparesis.

Kaylyn N Sawin-Johnson1, Clifford D Packer1

  • 1Internal Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, USA.

Cureus
|January 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Postviral gastroparesis, a persistent gastrointestinal condition following viral infections like norovirus, can last over a year. This case highlights a prolonged recovery period, emphasizing the need for continued symptomatic management.

Keywords:
early satietygastroparesisnauseanoroviruspostviralpostviral gastroparesisviralviral gastroenteritisweight loss

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Gastrointestinal Motility Monitor GIMM
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Gastrointestinal Motility Monitor GIMM

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Detection and Genogrouping of Noroviruses from Children's Stools By Taqman One-step RT-PCR
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Detection and Genogrouping of Noroviruses from Children's Stools By Taqman One-step RT-PCR

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Related Experiment Videos

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Reverse Genetics Mediated Recovery of Infectious Murine Norovirus
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Gastrointestinal Motility Monitor GIMM
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Detection and Genogrouping of Noroviruses from Children's Stools By Taqman One-step RT-PCR
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Detection and Genogrouping of Noroviruses from Children's Stools By Taqman One-step RT-PCR

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Virology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Postviral gastroparesis is a recognized complication of viral gastroenteritis.
  • It can lead to prolonged and severe gastrointestinal dysfunction.

Observation:

  • An 85-year-old male presented with a year of persistent nausea, epigastric pain, early satiety, and weight loss post-viral gastroenteritis.
  • Norovirus infection was confirmed, but standard investigations including esophagogastroduodenoscopy and H. pylori testing were unremarkable.
  • A gastric emptying study confirmed moderate gastroparesis one year after symptom onset.

Findings:

  • This case demonstrates a prolonged course of postviral gastroparesis potentially linked to norovirus.
  • Gastroparesis symptoms persisted beyond the typical one-year resolution period.
  • Pathophysiology may involve slow recovery of gut neuromodulator cells.

Implications:

  • Extended duration of postviral gastroparesis warrants consideration in clinical practice.
  • Symptomatic treatment with antiemetics and prokinetics may offer relief.
  • Further research into the long-term pathophysiology and treatment of postviral gastroparesis is needed.