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Related Concept Videos

Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways01:41

Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways

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Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
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The gene encoding the main signaling molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways (the Wnt proteins) was discovered almost four decades ago by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus. They identified and originally named the gene "wingless" (wg) after a phenotype discovered during their landmark genetic screen in Drosophila for body pattern defects. At around the same time, another researcher named Harold Varmus found that a murine tumor virus activates the mammalian wg homolog, Int-1, which...
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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
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The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
Cell Sorting During Development
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Determination01:51

Determination

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During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 31, 2025

Studying Wnt Signaling During Patterning of Conducting Airways
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WNT5a Regulates Epithelial Morphogenesis in the Developing Choroid Plexus.

Michael B Langford1, Conor J O'Leary1, Lenin Veeraval1

  • 1The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane 4072, Australia and.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|January 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

WNT5a is crucial for choroid plexus development, regulating epithelial structure and growth essential for brain homeostasis. Its absence severely impairs choroid plexus size, complexity, and epithelial integrity.

Keywords:
ROCKRyk receptorWNT5aWnt signalingapicobasal polarityplanar cell polarity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The choroid plexus (CP) is vital for brain development and homeostasis, producing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and forming the blood-CSF barrier.
  • Current understanding of CP development at the molecular and cellular levels is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key molecular regulators of choroid plexus development and epithelial morphogenesis.
  • To elucidate the role of WNT5a in establishing CP structure and function.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated WNT5a's role in mammalian CP development using genetic models (Wnt5a-/- mice).
  • Analyzed CP size, complexity, epithelial cytoarchitecture, and cell polarity.
  • Examined the involvement of WNT5a receptor RYK and ROCK signaling pathway.

Main Results:

  • WNT5a is identified as a critical regulator of CP epithelial morphogenesis in all brain ventricles.
  • Wnt5a-/- CPs exhibit significantly reduced size, complexity, and impaired expansion into ventricles.
  • Absence of WNT5a leads to severe defects in epithelial cytoarchitecture, including loss of polarity and cell detachment.

Conclusions:

  • WNT5a is essential for the development of a cohesive and properly structured choroid plexus epithelium.
  • RYK and ROCK signaling are implicated as downstream effectors in WNT5a-mediated CP development.
  • This study provides crucial insights into the molecular mechanisms governing choroid plexus development.