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Related Concept Videos

Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

29.9K
The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
29.9K
Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

3.8K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
3.8K
Electrodeposition01:08

Electrodeposition

1.2K
Electrodeposition is a technique used to separate an analyte from interferents by electrochemical processes. Here, the analyte is a metal ion that can be deposited on an electrode immersed in the sample solution. The electrochemical setup consists of an anode and a cathode. When an electric current is applied to the setup, oxidation occurs at the anode. At the cathode, which consists of a large metal surface, metal ions undergo reduction and deposit onto the surface.
Electrodeposition can...
1.2K
Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview01:26

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

2.9K
Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
2.9K
Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

13.8K
Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
13.8K
Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Molecules01:19

Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Molecules

9.0K
Energy production within a cell involves many coordinated chemical pathways. Most of these pathways are combinations of oxidation and reduction reactions, which occur at the same time. An oxidation reaction strips an electron from an atom in a compound, and the addition of this electron to another compound is a reduction reaction. Because oxidation and reduction usually occur together, these pairs of reactions are called redox reactions.
The removal of an electron from a molecule, results in a...
9.0K

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Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
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Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

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CO2 Reduction: From Homogeneous to Heterogeneous Electrocatalysis.

Sheng Zhang1, Qun Fan1, Rong Xia1

  • 1Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China.

Accounts of Chemical Research
|January 9, 2020
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Summary

Electrochemical CO2 reduction uses catalysts to convert carbon dioxide into fuels, offering a sustainable energy storage solution. Research focuses on transition-metal complexes and nanostructured catalysts for efficient CO2 conversion.

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Simple Methods for the Preparation of Non-noble Metal Bulk-electrodes for Electrocatalytic Applications
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Simple Methods for the Preparation of Non-noble Metal Bulk-electrodes for Electrocatalytic Applications
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Simple Methods for the Preparation of Non-noble Metal Bulk-electrodes for Electrocatalytic Applications

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis
  • Renewable Energy
  • Carbon Capture and Utilization

Background:

  • Rising atmospheric CO2 levels from fossil fuel consumption necessitate clean energy solutions.
  • Intermittent renewable energy sources (solar, wind) require efficient energy storage.
  • Electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2RR) offers a method to store energy in chemical bonds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize research on transition-metal complex catalysts for CO2 electroreduction.
  • To review advancements in homogeneous, immobilized, and heterogeneous catalytic systems.
  • To provide perspective on the application of electrocatalysis in CO2 reduction.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing studies on transition-metal complex catalysts for CO2 electroreduction.
  • Analysis of homogeneous catalysts, immobilized catalysts, and heterogeneous nanocatalysts.
  • Examination of surface attachment strategies and nanostructured catalyst deposition.

Main Results:

  • Transition-metal complexes (Ru, Ir, Rh, Os) effectively catalyze CO2 to CO or formate.
  • Surface-attached derivatives and nanostructured catalysts (Sn, Cu, C) show high activity and selectivity.
  • Heterogeneous nanocatalysts offer high surface area, activity, and stability for CO2RR.

Conclusions:

  • Electrocatalysis is a promising approach for CO2 utilization and energy storage.
  • Development of active and selective catalysts is crucial for efficient CO2RR.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate mechanisms and scale up catalytic processes.