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Mass Analyzers: Common Types01:19

Mass Analyzers: Common Types

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The quadrupole mass analyzer consists of four cylindrical metal rods arranged in a diamond carrying a DC voltage and a radio-frequency AC voltage. The motion of ions through the quadrupole depends on the field strength, causing only ions of a certain m/z to resonate successfully and strike the detector at a given field strength. Though the transmission rate for these analyzers is high, the exact elemental composition of the sample is not determined because of low resolution; however, they are...
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The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...
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Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
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Mass Spectrometers

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This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
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High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)01:15

High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)

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The resolution of a mass spectrometer depends on the efficiency of separating ions with different ion masses. The mass of an atom is approximated to the sum of the masses of protons and neutrons inside, considering the masses of protons and neutrons as equal. However, the masses of the proton (1.6726 × 10−24 g) and neutron (1.6749 × 10−24 g) are not truly equal. There is a minor error in the expression of atomic masses relative to the simplest atom of hydrogen. For...
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Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique used to determine the molecular mass and molecular formula of a compound. The basic principle of mass spectrometry is to generate ions from the analyte molecule and measure these ion abundances against their molecular mass. One common type of ionization, known as electron ionization or EI, bombards the analyte molecules in the gas phase with high-energy electron beams. The electron beams displace an electron from the molecule and leave behind a...
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Updated: Dec 31, 2025

Thermochemical Studies of NiII and ZnII Ternary Complexes Using Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry
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Multidimensional Nanoparticle Characterization through Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry.

Chenxi Li1, Amani L Lee2, Xiaoshuang Chen1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States.

Analytical Chemistry
|January 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atmospheric-pressure ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) provides detailed nanoparticle characterization. This 2D technique reveals size-dependent porosity in ultraporous mesostructured silica nanoparticles, offering insights beyond traditional methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Multidimensional characterization techniques offer comprehensive analyte analysis.
  • Conventional 1D techniques often fail to capture complex nanoparticle properties.
  • Recent advancements enable novel 2D approaches for nanoparticle analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply and demonstrate the analytical capability of 2D atmospheric-pressure ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) for nanoparticle characterization.
  • To utilize IM-MS for analyzing ultraporous mesostructured silica nanoparticles (UMNs).
  • To reveal nanoparticle structural properties not accessible by conventional methods.

Main Methods:

  • Application of 2D atmospheric-pressure ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS).
  • Characterization of ultraporous mesostructured silica nanoparticles (UMNs).
  • Validation using NIST-certified polystyrene latex particle standards and comparison with TEM and N2 physisorption.

Main Results:

  • IM-MS generates a 2D particle size-mass distribution function.
  • Calculated distributions include particle size, size-dependent porosity, and specific pore volume.
  • Demonstrated quantitative agreement with TEM and qualitative agreement with N2 physisorption for UMNs.
  • Revealed that porosity increases with particle size in UMNs, supporting their growth mechanism.

Conclusions:

  • IM-MS is a powerful tool for characterizing structurally complex nanoparticle populations.
  • The technique yields unique size-specific structural distribution functions.
  • IM-MS provides insights into nanoparticle properties like porosity, inaccessible to other methods.