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Researchers developed advanced morphing materials using digital light processing (DLP) and a thiol-ene reaction. These smart materials exhibit controlled self-folding and self-rolling behaviors, paving the way for novel soft robotics and sensors.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Robotics

Background:

  • Smart materials, or morphing materials, are gaining traction for applications in sensors, actuators, and soft robotics.
  • Developing materials with controlled shape-changing capabilities is crucial for advancing these fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create bilayered morphing composites utilizing the thiol-ene photoclick reaction and digital light processing (DLP).
  • To demonstrate the fabrication of photo-thermally responsive materials with patterned and gradient structures for complex morphing behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of bilayered morphing composites using maskless DLP and thiol-ene photoclick reaction.
  • Patterning of reduced graphene oxide-filled chitosan-methacrylamide (rGO-chitosan-MA) onto thiolated polydimethylsiloxane substrates.
  • Controlled light intensity in DLP to achieve gradient thicknesses in bilayered structures.

Main Results:

  • Successfully printed morphing composites with parallel striped patterns and box-like hinges, exhibiting self-rolling and self-folding.
  • Demonstrated photothermal-triggered gradient bending and morphing in gradient bilayered structures, creating a "walking worm" and "opening flower".
  • Thermo-mechanical calculations and finite element analysis showed good agreement with experimental measurements (0.4-7.6% difference).

Conclusions:

  • The DLP-based thiol-ene approach enables efficient fabrication of complex morphing materials with precise control over patterns and gradients.
  • The developed photo-thermally responsive composites show significant potential for soft robotics and adaptive structures.
  • The study validates the design assumptions through simulation and experimental comparison, providing a reliable method for creating advanced morphing materials.