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Channelization cascade in landscape evolution.

Sara Bonetti1, Milad Hooshyar2,3,4, Carlo Camporeale5

  • 1Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|January 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Landscape channel networks form through a cascade of instabilities, similar to fluid turbulence. This study reveals critical conditions for channel formation and spacing in complex systems.

Keywords:
detachment limiteddrainage arealandscape evolution modelridge and valley patternsriver networks

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Area of Science:

  • Geomorphology
  • Complex Systems Science
  • Nonlinear Dynamics

Background:

  • Landscape channel networks exhibit characteristics of nonequilibrium complex systems.
  • Understanding the formation and evolution of these networks is crucial for landscape dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the emergence of channel networks using a system of partial differential equations.
  • To identify critical conditions for channel formation and valley spacing.
  • To analyze the dynamics of channelization cascades.

Main Methods:

  • Coupling landscape evolution dynamics with a specific catchment area equation.
  • Utilizing linear stability analysis to determine critical conditions.
  • Describing the channelization cascade with a dimensionless number.

Main Results:

  • A sequence of increasingly complex ridge and valley networks was produced.
  • Critical conditions for channel formation and characteristic valley spacing were identified.
  • The channelization cascade showed similarities to fluid turbulence instabilities and pattern-forming systems.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates a model for channel network formation driven by coupled differential equations.
  • The findings highlight the tendency of simulated patterns to evolve toward optimal configurations.
  • Geomorphic transport laws and boundary conditions significantly influence the nonlinear dynamics of channelization.