Relationship between Glycemic Status and Serum Chromium Level with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the leading cause of death worldwide, responsible for one third of death, higher glycemic status and diabetes related complication are the most common cause. Low level of chromium (Cr) one of the major contributors higher glycemic status and increased the risk of diabetes related complication in type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study was aimed to find out the relationship between glycemic status and serum chromium level with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2014 to June 2015. Fifty type 2 diabetic subjects with age ranging from 40 to 55 years were study group and fifty ages, BMI matched healthy subjects were control group. Patients were selected from Bangladesh Institute of Research for Diabetic Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. HbA₁c, FSG levels were estimated in the laboratory of the Department of Biochemistry, BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka. Serum Cr level was estimated by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. For statistical analysis unpaired Student's 't' test was performed. In this study, mean serum chromium level was significantly (P<0.001) lower in diabetic patients than that of control group. On correlation analysis, serum Cr level showed significant negative correlation with FSG and HbA₁C levels in type 2 diabetic patients. The study reflected that serum Cr level was reduced in DM which was higher with glycemic status of this disease. Categorization of patients with type 2 DM on the basis of low serum Cr level and high FSG and HbA₁c level will be helpful for risk of diabetic complications.