Apoptotic cell-derived exosomes: messages from dying cells.
Ramesh Kakarla1,2, Jaehark Hur1,2, Yeon Ji Kim1,2
1Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, South Korea.
Experimental & Molecular Medicine
|January 10, 2020
Summary
Apoptosis, programmed cell death, actively communicates with live cells via exosomes, not just a silent process. This finding highlights the role of apoptotic exosomes in inflammation and immune responses.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Immunology
- Programmed Cell Death
Background:
- Apoptosis is a critical biological process involved in development and disease.
- Extracellular vesicles, including apoptotic bodies and microvesicles, are released during apoptosis.
- The release of exosomes during apoptosis is not widely recognized.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize evidence for the existence of apoptotic exosomes.
- To review the roles of apoptotic exosomes in inflammation and immune responses.
- To provide a comprehensive overview of apoptosis and extracellular vesicle release.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on apoptosis and extracellular vesicles.
- Analysis of reports demonstrating the presence and function of apoptotic exosomes.
- Synthesis of findings related to inflammation and immune signaling.
Main Results:
- Apoptosis releases various extracellular vesicles, including exosomes.
- Apoptotic exosomes actively participate in intercellular communication.
- Evidence supports the role of apoptotic exosomes in modulating inflammatory and immune responses.
Conclusions:
- Apoptosis is an active form of cell-to-cell communication, not merely cell death.
- Exosomes released during apoptosis serve as crucial mediators.
- Dying cells communicate with living cells through apoptotic exosomes, influencing biological processes.
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