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Related Concept Videos

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacokinetics01:31

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacokinetics

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Direct-acting cholinergic agonists, such as synthetic choline esters and naturally occurring alkaloids, exert their effects by enhancing the actions of acetylcholine and stimulating the parasympathetic nervous system. Synthetic choline esters share structural similarities with acetylcholine. For example, they have a positively charged quaternary ammonium or onium group, contributing to their hydrophilic characteristics. As a result, they are poorly absorbed in the body through oral...
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Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Mechanism of Action01:18

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Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists work by interacting with an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the synaptic cleft. They can be reversible or irreversible inhibitors and have different effects on the enzyme.
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Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacokinetics01:22

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Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists, or anticholinesterases, enhance the body's cholinergic activity by inhibiting acetylcholine's breakdown. They are categorized as reversible or irreversible agents based on their mechanism of action. They are further classified into short-acting, intermediate-acting, and long-acting agents based on their duration of action.
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Chemical Agents for Microbial Control01:27

Chemical Agents for Microbial Control

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Chemicals play important roles in controlling microbial growth by targeting microbial structures and functions as sanitizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, and sterilants.Alcohols are commonly used sanitizers, effectively disrupting lipid membranes, which compromises cell integrity. They are also used as antiseptics and disinfectants due to their rapid action and versatility.Phenols and their derivatives phenolics , known for denaturing proteins and disrupting cell membranes, are particularly...
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Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

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Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Stability-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence01:22

Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Stability-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence

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Generic intravenous (IV) drugs are considered bioequivalent to their branded counterparts due to their 100% bioavailability upon administration. However, variations in stability among different drug products can significantly influence their therapeutic performance, even if they are pharmaceutically equivalent.Cefuroxime, a prophylactic antimicrobial, is often used as a single-dose IV injection for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. A 3 g dose typically provides...
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Evaluation of the Efficacy of Organic Peroxyacids for Eradicating Dairy Biofilms Using an Approach Combining Static and Dynamic Methods
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Fast-Acting Antibacterial, Self-Deactivating Polyionene Esters.

Christian Krumm1, Sylvia Trump1, Lena Benski2

  • 1BG Universitätsklinikum Bergmannsheil/Surgical Research, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|January 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary

New biodegradable antibacterial polymers, poly(ester)s, rapidly kill bacteria and then degrade, offering an environmentally friendly solution. Their activity duration is tunable, lasting from minutes to a week.

Keywords:
antibacterial polymerdegradablepolyesterpolyionenetoxicity

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Evaluation of the Efficacy of Organic Peroxyacids for Eradicating Dairy Biofilms Using an Approach Combining Static and Dynamic Methods
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High-throughput Identification of Bacteria Repellent Polymers for Medical Devices
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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Antimicrobial Materials
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Growing interest in biocidal compounds that are effective yet environmentally benign.
  • Need for antimicrobial agents that deactivate after use to prevent ecological harm.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel biodegradable antibacterial polymers with tunable deactivation.
  • To investigate the structure-activity and structure-deactivation relationships of these polymers.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of poly(ester)s (PBI esters) via polycondensation.
  • Evaluation of antibacterial activity against various bacterial strains.
  • Assessment of degradation and deactivation rates in aqueous media under different conditions.

Main Results:

  • The synthesized PBI esters demonstrated rapid bactericidal activity (1-10 minutes).
  • Polymers showed tunable degradation and deactivation rates influenced by backbone structure and pH.
  • Hydrophilic polymers deactivated faster than hydrophobic ones, with activity lasting from 20 minutes to over a week.

Conclusions:

  • Biodegradable PBI esters offer a promising approach for environmentally safe antibacterial applications.
  • Polymer structure is a key factor in controlling both antibacterial efficacy and deactivation time.
  • These materials provide a versatile platform for developing targeted antimicrobial solutions.