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Abnormal Liquid Chasing Effect in Paper Capillary Enables Versatile Gradient Generation on Microfluidic Paper

Yu Liu1, Jin-Wen Shangguan1, Bi-Yi Xu1,2

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Researchers developed novel microfluidic paper analytical devices (μPADs) for generating 1D and 2D concentration gradients. This technique enables advanced serial sampling for high-throughput analysis and condition screening.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Microfluidics
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Microfluidic paper analytical devices (μPADs) offer accessible point-of-care testing (POCT) solutions.
  • Traditional μPADs have limitations in generating complex concentration gradients.
  • Advanced fluid control in microscale is crucial for enhanced analytical functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce novel methods for generating 1D and 2D concentration gradients on μPADs.
  • To enable fast, ordered, and tunable sequential sampling using paper-capillary systems.
  • To demonstrate the applicability of the developed technique for arrayed assays.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized paper-capillary-based serial sampling with a concaved paper channel sealed with tape.
  • Engineered peripheral test pads for continuous liquid consumption from the capillary channel.
  • Observed an abnormal liquid chasing effect for reversely ordered sample distribution.

Main Results:

  • Successfully generated 1D and 2D concentration gradients with one, two, and three components.
  • Demonstrated applicability for 1D serial dilution-based metal ion colorimetry.
  • Validated for 2D bacterial antibiotic susceptibility testing to evaluate synergistic effects.

Conclusions:

  • The developed paper-capillary serial sampling technique enables efficient gradient generation on μPADs.
  • This method facilitates high-throughput sample analysis and information-rich condition screening.
  • Paves the way for advanced applications in diagnostics and drug discovery.