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Could a rising robot workforce make humans less prejudiced?

Joshua Conrad Jackson1, Noah Castelo2, Kurt Gray1

  • 1Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

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The rise of robot workers may reduce prejudice by emphasizing shared human identity, a concept known as panhumanism. Increased awareness of automation can foster greater acceptance of outgroup members and promote equality.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Sociology
  • Human-Robot Interaction

Background:

  • Automation and robot workers are increasingly common, raising questions about their societal impact.
  • While economic effects are studied, the social impact on intergroup relations remains less explored.
  • Previous research suggests increased robots may heighten prejudice, but an alternative hypothesis is proposed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how the rise of robot workers influences intergroup relations and prejudice.
  • To explore the potential of automation to reduce social divisions by fostering a sense of shared humanity.
  • To examine the mediating role of panhumanism in the relationship between robot salience and prejudice reduction.

Main Methods:

  • Six studies were conducted with a total of 3,312 participants (ΣN = 3,312).
  • Methods included correlational analysis (anxiety prediction), experimental priming (robot salience), and economic simulations.
  • Mediational analyses were used to test the role of panhumanism.

Main Results:

  • Anxiety about robot workers correlated with reduced anxiety towards human outgroups.
  • Priming robot salience decreased prejudice, increased acceptance of outgroup members, and promoted wage equality.
  • The effects were mediated by panhumanism, indicating a common human identity reduces prejudice.

Conclusions:

  • Automation and the salience of robot workers can reduce intergroup prejudice by promoting panhumanism.
  • The impact of automation on intergroup relations is complex, potentially reducing tensions in some contexts.
  • Highlighting shared human identity offers a pathway to mitigate social divisions exacerbated by technological change.