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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 31, 2025

An Experimental Analysis of Children's Ability to Provide a False Report about a Crime
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Honesty biases trustworthiness impressions.

Gabriele Bellucci1, Soyoung Q Park1

  • 1Department of Psychology I.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. General
|January 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary

A good reputation for honesty makes people less likely to notice dishonesty, even when it occurs. This bias in social learning means established trust can override evidence of untrustworthiness.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Honesty is fundamental to establishing trust and trustworthiness.
  • The mechanisms by which a reputation for honesty is formed and influences trust impressions remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how a reputation for honesty is learned and affects perceptions of trustworthiness.
  • To explore whether consistent honesty or dishonesty impacts trust.
  • To examine if a good reputation can shield individuals from the negative consequences of subsequent dishonest behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a novel experimental paradigm across three studies.
  • Assessed trust in individuals based on their consistent honesty or dishonesty.
  • Employed computational modeling to analyze information integration in trust-based interactions.

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Main Results:

  • Individuals preferentially trust consistently honest others, independent of immediate benefits.
  • Established reputations for honesty led to continued trust even after instances of dishonesty.
  • Signs of dishonesty reduced trust only in those without a prior reputation for honesty.
  • Computational modeling revealed asymmetric information integration, suggesting a learning impairment.

Conclusions:

  • A positive reputation for honesty can bias social learning, impairing the ability to update beliefs about an individual's trustworthiness.
  • Established reputations can override current evidence of untrustworthiness, highlighting a potential flaw in social belief updating.
  • Findings offer a mechanistic explanation for biases in social learning and interactions, contributing to understanding human cognition.