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Biosecurity Dogs Detect Live Insects after Training with Odor-Proxy Training Aids: Scent Extract and Dead Specimens.

Ariella Y Moser1, Wendy Y Brown1, Lewis A Bizo2

  • 1Canine and Equine Research Group, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.

Chemical Senses
|January 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Detector dogs can be trained to find invasive insects using scent extracts or dead specimens. Scent extracts proved highly effective for training biosecurity detector dogs to identify pest insects.

Keywords:
Halyomorpha halysbrown marmorated stink bugcanine scent detectioninvasive insectsolvent extractvolatile organic compounds

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Entomology
  • Animal Behavior and Cognition
  • Biosecurity and Pest Management

Background:

  • Early detection of invasive insect pests at borders is crucial to prevent establishment in new regions.
  • Training detector dogs requires reliable odor sources, as live insect specimens are often inaccessible.
  • Developing effective odor training aids is essential for enhancing biosecurity capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of scent extracts and dead specimens as training aids for insect detection dogs.
  • To compare the volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles of live insects with potential training aids.
  • To assess canine performance in detecting live insects after training with different odor proxies.

Main Methods:

  • Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze the chemical headspace of live Musgraveia sulciventris, scent extracts, and dead specimens.
  • Four biosecurity detector dogs were trained using either scent extracts or dead specimens as odor sources.
  • Canine scent-detection tests were conducted in an ecologically relevant context to evaluate detection accuracy.

Main Results:

  • Both scent extract and dead specimens shared a majority of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with live insects.
  • Dogs trained with scent extract demonstrated accurate detection of live insects (2/2 dogs).
  • Dogs trained with dead specimens showed partial success, with one of two dogs accurately detecting live insects.

Conclusions:

  • Scent extracts and dead specimens serve as viable odor proxies for live insect training.
  • Scent extract, a novel training aid, shows significant potential for improving insect detection training efficacy.
  • These findings support the use of developed training aids to enhance biosecurity detector dog programs.