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Current Evidence-Based Practice for Pediatric Emergence Agitation

Kristie Hoch1

  • 1is assistant clinical professor and director of the DNP-Nurse Anesthesia program at the University of Arizona College of Nursing, Tucson, Arizona.

AANA Journal
|January 11, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric emergence agitation, or emergence delirium, affects children post-anesthesia. Strategies involving technology, family, and specific anesthetic choices can help prevent this distressing side effect.

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Pediatric emergence agitation (PEA), also termed emergence delirium, is a common post-anesthetic complication.
  • PEA causes significant distress for patients, families, and healthcare providers, alongside safety concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the incidence, risk factors, and impact of pediatric emergence agitation.
  • To evaluate current evidence-based strategies for the prevention of PEA.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing literature on pediatric emergence agitation.
  • Analysis of identified risk factors and preventative interventions.

Main Results:

  • Key risk factors for PEA include child's age, genetics, surgical procedure details, and inhalational anesthesia.
  • Evidence-based interventions include technological aids, family involvement, pharmacologic adjuncts, and alternative anesthesia techniques.

Conclusions:

  • Anesthesia providers should consider PEA risk factors when planning anesthetic management.
  • Implementing specific interventions can decrease the incidence and impact of pediatric emergence agitation.

Keywords:
Deliriumpediatric anesthesiapediatric emergence agitation

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